In investment terms, what is 'diversification' meant to achieve?

The chosen answer accurately captures the essence of diversification in investment strategy. Diversification refers to the practice of spreading investments across a variety of different assets, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and other financial instruments. The primary goal of this approach is to minimize risk. By holding a diverse portfolio, an investor can protect themselves from the volatility of any single asset or sector. If one investment decreases in value, others in the portfolio may remain stable or even increase, thereby softening the overall impact on the investor's financial situation.

This strategy relies on the idea that asset classes often react differently to market conditions. For instance, while equity markets may be declining, bond markets might be performing well. Thus, diversification helps in balancing potential losses in some areas with gains in others, leading to a more stable overall investment outcome.

The other options do not correctly reflect the intent of diversification. Maximizing returns with minimal effort does not take into account the inherent risks and complexities involved in investing. Guaranteeing returns from all investment strategies is unrealistic, as all investments carry some level of risk. Finally, increasing concentration in fewer sectors can actually heighten risk rather than minimize it, going against the main principle of diversification.